níorbh / arbh

Past Copular Particles

Level 5

Past copular negation and questions include forms such as níorbh and arbh before suitable sounds. Their distribution differs from ordinary verb particles.

How It Works

Past copular negation and questions include forms such as níorbh and arbh before suitable sounds. Their distribution differs from ordinary verb particles.

Past copular negatives and questions have forms that vary with the following sound and construction. Before vowel-initial aoibhinn, the forms níorbh and arbh contain bh. Before a consonant in other classification frames, different forms occur; do not append bh to every past copular particle.

Examples (3)

  1. Níorbh aoibhinn liom é.

    I did not enjoy it.

  2. Arbh aoibhinn leat é?

    Did you enjoy it?

  3. Níorbh é Seán an múinteoir.

    Seán was not the teacher.

How It Connects

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níorbh / arbhLevel 5Past Copular Particles

Learn This First

Form negatives and questions of past copular constructions.

Words in This Pattern

níorbharbh