dagitoy / dagita / dagidiay

A plural demonstrative can stand alone when the referents are identifiable. The examples distinguish nearby “these,” “those near you,” and more distant “those over there,” while keeping the same identification phrase.

To name the referents, place the demonstrative before a linker and noun. Compare daytoy nga libro, “this book,” with dagitoy nga libro, “these books.” The noun keeps its shape while the demonstrative changes number. Learn the three plural forms as a paradigm rather than inventing a general plural prefix for all pointing words.

The grammar describes flexible number marking with common nouns: plural marking does not always require noun reduplication. Some nouns have established plural shapes, including ubbing, “children.” Adjectives also have attested pluralizing forms, but ordinary adjective forms can occur with plural marking. This does not license freely invented reduplication. These demonstratives identify people or things; location words express where they are.