-gi/-ki

Too and Even (-gi/-ki)

Level 3

Head uut aastat sullegi! means Happy New Year to you too! The ending -gi on sulle adds "too".

How It Works

-gi is a small focus ending. It goes on the very end of a word, after any case ending, and is always written together with it.

  • "Too, also": Mul on kõht tühi. — Mulgi! (I'm hungry. — Me too!)
  • "Even": Seda teab lapski. (Even a child knows that.)
  • With a negative, "either" or "not even": Ma ei saanud sellestki aru. (I didn't understand that either.)

-gi or -ki? Use -ki after b, d, g, p, t, k, s, h, f, š, z, ž: laps → lapski, nemad → nemadki, üks → ükski. Use -gi after vowels and after l, m, n, r, v, j: mina → minagi, sulle → sullegi, kool → koolgi.

-gi also builds everyday words: keegi (someone), midagi (something), kunagi (ever, once), ükski (not a single one). Its meaning is close to ka and isegi. Like ka, it adds "too" to the word it stands on: minagi is "me too", and temagi is "him too" or "her too".

Examples (6)

  1. Head uut aastat sullegi!

    Happy New Year to you too!

    sulle + gi.

  2. Mul on kõht tühi. — Mulgi!

    I'm hungry. — Me too!

    mul + gi.

  3. Seda teab lapski.

    Even a child knows that.

    laps ends in s, so it takes -ki.

  4. Ma ei saanud sellestki aru.

    I didn't understand that either.

    With a negative, -gi means "either" or "not even".

  5. Nemadki tulid peole.

    They came to the party too.

    nemad ends in d, so it takes -ki.

  6. Kas keegi helistas?

    Did anyone call?

    keegi (someone) is built with -gi.

Common Mistakes

  • Using -gi after a letter that needs -ki.

    Seda teab lapsgi.
    Seda teab lapski.

    After s (and b, d, g, p, t, k, h, f, š, z, ž) the ending is -ki.

  • Writing -gi as a separate word.

    Mina gi tulen.
    Minagi tulen.

    -gi is an ending, so it is always written together with its word.

How It Connects

Tap a pattern to see what it builds on and what it leads to.

-gi/-kiLevel 3Too and Even (-gi/-ki)

Learn This First

-gi is the ending in keegi and adds too or even.

Learn Next

Patterns that build on this one.

Words in This Pattern

-gi-kikeegimidagikunagi