-acaq/-əcək (feli sifət)

Future Attributive Participle

Level 4

The -acaq/-əcək participle turns a verb into an adjective to describe something that is going to happen or intended to happen. It is the future equivalent of the English 'that will...' or 'to be...' (e.g., 'the guest who will come').

How It Works

The future attributive participle is a powerful tool for building complex descriptions. Unlike the finite definite future tense, which functions as the main verb of a sentence, this participle sits before a noun to modify it.

1. Formation:

  • -acaq: Used after back vowels (a, ı, o, u). Example: yazacaq (who/which will write). Note: To say 'that will be written', you must use the passive form yazılacaq.
  • -əcək: Used after front vowels (e, ə, i, ö, ü). Example: gələcək (coming/future).

2. Phonological Rules:
If the verb stem ends in a vowel, you must insert a buffer -y- before the suffix (e.g., oxuyacaq). Additionally, if you add a possessive suffix to the participle (creating a relative clause), the final -q changes to -ğ and -k changes to -y (e.g., görəcəyimiz iş - the work we will see).

3. Substantivization:
These participles can also act as nouns. For example, gələcəklər can mean 'those who will come'. In some contexts, gələcək has become a standalone noun meaning 'the future'.

Examples (4)

  1. Gələcək nəsil üçün təmiz ətraf mühit vacibdir.

    A clean environment is important for the future (coming) generation.

    Word by Word: Future generation for clean environment important-is.

    Here, 'gələcək' (from gəlmək - to come) acts as an adjective describing the noun 'nəsil' (generation).

  2. Sabah keçiriləcək iclasda hamı iştirak etməlidir.

    Everyone must participate in the meeting to be held tomorrow.

    Word by Word: Tomorrow to-be-held meeting-in everyone participation must-do.

    The participle 'keçiriləcək' (to be held/conducted) describes the 'iclas' (meeting) that will happen in the future.

  3. Görüləcək çox işimiz var.

    We have a lot of work to be done.

    Word by Word: To-be-seen much work-our exists.

    The passive participle 'görüləcək' describes 'iş' (work) that is scheduled or intended to be completed.

  4. Oxuyacağın kitabı masanın üstünə qoydum.

    I put the book that you will read on the table.

    Word by Word: Will-read-your book-acc table-gen top-its-dat I-put.

    When a possessive suffix like -ın is added, the 'q' changes to 'ğ' (oxuyacağın) to form a relative clause.

Common Mistakes

  • Forgetting the buffer 'y' after vowel-ending stems.

    Oxuacaq kitab maraqlıdır.
    Oxuyacaq kitab maraqlıdır.

    Because 'oxu-' ends in a vowel, you must use the buffer 'y' before adding '-acaq'.

  • Confusing the participle with the finite verb tense.

    Mən gələcək.
    Mən gələcəyəm.

    If the word is the main verb of the sentence, it needs personal endings. The participle form alone is only for modifying nouns.

How It Connects

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-acaq/-əcək (feli sifət)Level 4Future Attributive Participle

Learn This First

To understand the future attributive participle, learners must first be familiar with the definite future tense suffix -(y)acaq/-(y)əcək, as the participle is morphologically identical. Additionally, a firm grasp of vowel harmony is required to apply the suffix correctly to different verb stems.

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Words in This Pattern

-əcək-acaq