The best way to learn Yoruba depends on why you are learning it. Someone who wants to talk with grandparents and someone who wants to read BBC News Yorùbá need different things. For both, most of your time goes to reading and listening to Yoruba you can follow, which is called comprehensible input. The rest goes to review and some real conversation.
Bubblegum covers the reading and listening part. Poppy, your AI tutor, writes Yoruba lessons at your level about things you like, with audio you can play while you read. Regenerative Review™ brings the words you save back in new lessons. Add a tutor for speaking and feedback.
| Method | What it builds | Use it for |
|---|---|---|
| Reading and listening at your level | Words, tones and listening | Most of your time |
| A textbook with audio | An order for the basics | Your first few weeks |
| A tutor or class | Speaking and quick replies | Using what you know |
| Flashcards or other review | Remembering words | A few minutes each session |
| News and Wikipedia | Yoruba as it is written for Yoruba readers | Fun, once you follow most of it |
| Grammar study | Why a word or tone changes meaning, such as ọkọ́ (hoe) and (vehicle) | Patterns that confuse you |
A 2016 review of 49 studies in Reading in a Foreign Language, a University of Hawaii journal, found that people learning English read better after reading a lot of easy material.
To check the level, read a few sentences. If most have about one new word, keep reading. If you can't tell what's happening, pick something easier.
For every goal, most of your time goes to reading and listening. Spend the rest on the skill your goal needs most.
- Talk With Family or FriendsRead and listen to everyday Yoruba, and play each new phrase aloud before you say it. When you can, say a few lines to a relative, as with ẹ ṣeun (thank you), which is polite to one person and right for several.
- Travel in South-Western NigeriaYoruba is spoken mainly in south-western Nigeria, so learn greetings, numbers and food words first. SOAS's first beginners level covers numbers, telling the time and ordering food and bargaining in markets.
- Study at a UniversitySeveral universities teach Yoruba, such as SOAS in London and the University of Kansas, whose Elementary Yorùbá I meets five hours a week. Read ahead in Yorùbá Yé Mi and Storybooks Nigeria to get more from class.
- Read the News and BooksStart with picture stories, then short reports on BBC News Yorùbá and articles on Yoruba Wikipedia. D. O. Fágúnwà wrote what is widely considered the first Yoruba novel, in 1938.
- Follow Songs and PrayersYoruba101's listing says it covers Yoruba words used in Lucumí and Candomblé. Bring the words from your songs and prayers to a tutor, and ask Poppy about any line you paste into the chat.
- Understand Yoruba NamesLook up a name on YorubaName.com, a database of more than 10,000 Yoruba names written with their dots and tone marks. Names are a good way to meet dotted letters and accents.
To see how many hours each stage takes, read how long it takes to learn Yoruba.
Many parts have a free option, such as the textbooks with audio or the stories on Storybooks Nigeria, and an app or service for when you want more.
| Part | Free option | App or service |
|---|---|---|
| A first course | Yorùbá Yé Mi, a free textbook with audio | Bubblegum, where Poppy writes lessons about your interests and goals and explains each grammar point when it comes up, or Ling's course |
| A textbook | The free audio for Colloquial Yoruba | Colloquial Yoruba from Routledge |
| Stories and lessons at your level | Storybooks Nigeria | Bubblegum, with lessons Poppy writes for your level and interests |
| News | BBC News Yorùbá and Yoruba Wikipedia | — |
| Review | Anki, free on computers and Android | Bubblegum's Regenerative Review™, which brings saved words back in new lessons |
| Words and videos | The Memrise Yoruba course, labeled free | uTalk's 2,500+ words and phrases |
| Conversation | — | A tutor on italki or Preply |
- Dropping the Tone MarksA different tone gives a different word, as with ọkọ (husband) and ọ̀kọ̀ (spear). Read and save words with their accents on.
- Lists With No SentencesLearn each word inside a sentence you read and hear, and save the whole sentence.
- Skipping the AudioThe accents show the tone, but you learn the sound by hearing it. Play each dialogue or lesson line, and say it back before you move on.
Bubblegum
For serious learners, Bubblegum is the best app to learn Yoruba. You learn from Yoruba you can mostly understand, which is called comprehensible input.
- Pick a topic and a level, and Poppy writes the Yoruba to match.
- Each lesson has AI audio to play while you read.
- Tap a word to see what it means, or ask Poppy to explain a whole line.
- Regenerative Review™ brings saved words back in new lessons, and you can export them to Anki as flashcards.
- Clear, expressive AI voices read every lesson aloud, with a different voice for each speaker.
- Lessons use Standard Nigerian Yoruba, so the local words your family uses may look different from the page.
- You can't turn your own Yoruba books into lessons. However, you can paste a page into the chat, and Poppy will explain it.
- Custom lessons cost us money to make, so you need Bubblegum Pro for unlimited custom lessons. Lessons Poppy wrote for other learners are free for everyone to read.
- Regenerative Review™
Mobile
Is it better to learn Yoruba with an app or a teacher?
Use an app for the hours of reading and listening, and a teacher for speaking and corrections. Preply lists 189 Yoruba tutors, and italki lists 5, so you can try a few before you choose one.
Should I learn Yoruba grammar first?
A few weeks of textbook study helps at the very start, and after that learn grammar from the Yoruba you read and hear. Look a pattern up when it confuses you. A rule is easier to learn once you have seen it a few times.
Which Yoruba should I learn?
Learn Standard Yoruba, the written standard based largely on the Ọyọ and Ibadan dialects. Each region and family speaks its own local Yoruba, so listen to the people you want to talk with as well.
Which Yoruba app should a beginner choose?
If you are serious about learning Yoruba, start with Bubblegum. Poppy, your AI tutor, writes lessons at your level about things you like. Our Yoruba app comparison covers courses, textbooks and tutors too.
Is Bubblegum free?
Yes. Lessons Poppy wrote for other learners are free for everyone to read. Custom lessons cost us money to make, so you need Bubblegum Pro for unlimited custom lessons.
Sources
- Jeon and Day (2016), The effectiveness of ER on reading proficiency: A meta-analysis, Reading in a Foreign Language 28(2), University of Hawaii
- Routledge: Colloquial Yoruba, The Complete Course for Beginners
- Routledge: free audio for Colloquial Yoruba
- Yorùbá Yé Mi (COERLL, University of Texas at Austin): free textbook with audio
- SOAS Language Centre: Yorùbá Beginners Course
- University of Kansas: YORU 110, Elementary Yorùbá I
- Wikipedia: Yoruba language (where it is spoken, Standard Yoruba)
- Storybooks Nigeria: free stories with text and audio, Yoruba among the languages
- BBC News Yorùbá
- Yoruba Wikipedia
- YorubaName.com: a database of Yorùbá names
- Wikipedia: Daniel O. Fágúnwà (first Yoruba novel, 1938)
- Ling: Learn Yoruba
- Memrise: Yoruba course
- uTalk: Learn Yoruba
- italki: Yoruba tutors
- Preply: Yoruba tutors
- Yoruba101: iPhone App Store listing (Lucumí and Candomblé words)
- Anki: what's free
- Wiktionary: ọkọ́, ọkọ, ọkọ̀ and ọ̀kọ̀ (hoe, husband, vehicle, spear)
- Wiktionary: ẹ ṣeun (thank you, said to one person respectfully or to several people)