The best way to learn Esperanto depends on what you want to do with it. Someone who wants to write to friends in other countries and someone who wants to pass an exam need different things. For both, most of your time goes to reading and listening to Esperanto you can follow, which is called comprehensible input. The rest goes to review and some real conversation.
Bubblegum covers the reading and listening part. Poppy, your AI tutor, writes Esperanto lessons at your level about things you like, with audio, a dictionary, and grammar topics on the same page. Regenerative Review™ brings the words you save back in new lessons. Add a tutor or a pen friend for speaking and feedback.
| Method | What it builds | Use it for |
|---|---|---|
| Reading and listening at your level | Words, endings and listening | Most of your time |
| A textbook with audio | The grammar and an order for the basics | Your first weeks |
| Writing to a person or talking with a tutor | Quick replies and confidence | Using what you know |
| Flashcards or other review | Remembering words | A few minutes each session |
| Magazines, radio and books | Esperanto as fluent speakers write it | Fun, once you follow most of it |
| Grammar study | Why an ending changes, such as Mi vidas la katon (I see the cat) | Patterns that confuse you |
A 2016 review of 49 studies in Reading in a Foreign Language, a University of Hawaii journal, found that people learning English read better after reading a lot of easy material.
To check the level, read a few sentences. If most have about one new word, keep reading. If you can't tell what's happening, pick something easier.
For every goal, most of your time goes to reading and listening. Spend the rest on the skill your goal needs most.
- Make Friends Around the WorldWrite short messages to people from other countries, and read what they write back. Learn each new word inside a sentence you can reuse in your next message.
- Travel and Stay With HostsPasporta Servo is a free list of Esperanto speakers who host travelers, and it has been running since 1974. Learn the lines you will need at the door, such as greetings and thanks, and say them aloud.
- Go to the Universala KongresoThe 112th Universala Kongreso is on 3 to 10 July 2027 in Melbourne. Play Muzaiko and read the news in Libera Folio, so the speech and the names sound familiar when you arrive.
- Read Magazines and BooksStart with a few 50LANGUAGES lessons and their MP3s. Then read articles in Vikipedio, and try Monato and Libera Folio once longer texts feel comfortable.
- Pass an Esperanto ExamExams follow the European language levels, from B1 to C2, and can be written, spoken or both. The Esperanto Association of Britain page links specimen exams, so practice with one at your level.
- Learn It for FunRead a lesson on something you enjoy, and save the words you like.
To see how many hours each stage takes, read how long it takes to learn Esperanto.
Most parts have a free option, such as the Lernu course or the 50LANGUAGES lessons, and an app or service for when you want more.
| Part | Free option | App or service |
|---|---|---|
| A first course | The Lernu course, or the Duolingo Esperanto course | Bubblegum, where Poppy writes lessons about your interests and goals and explains each grammar point when it comes up, or the textbook Complete Esperanto, with free audio |
| Stories and lessons at your level | 50LANGUAGES, with 100 lessons and MP3 audio | Bubblegum, with lessons Poppy writes for your level and interests |
| Articles and audio | Vikipedio and Muzaiko | Monato, a monthly magazine in Esperanto |
| Review | Anki, free on computers and Android | Bubblegum's Regenerative Review™, which brings saved words back in new lessons |
| Conversation | A pen friend, or a host from Pasporta Servo | A tutor on italki |
| Reading and listening with your own texts | — | LingQ, where you read a text and hear it |
- Learning Words Without Their PartsEsperanto builds words from parts, so <W lang="eo">bona</W> (good) and <W lang="eo">malbona</W> (bad) belong together. Learn the part and what it does, and you get many words from one.
- Lists With No SentencesLearn each word inside a sentence you read and hear, and save the whole sentence.
- Dropping the -n on a Direct ObjectA direct object takes -n, as in <W lang="eo">Mi legas libron</W> (I read a book). Check for it in every sentence you write.
Bubblegum
For serious learners, Bubblegum is the best app to learn Esperanto. You learn from Esperanto you can mostly understand, which is called comprehensible input.
- Poppy writes each lesson for your level, on topics you pick.
- Each lesson plays AI audio while you read.
- Tap a word to see what it means, or ask Poppy to explain a whole line.
- Grammar topics explain how Esperanto works, such as the -n on a direct object.
- Regenerative Review™ brings saved words back in new lessons, and you can export them to Anki.
- Clear, expressive AI voices read every lesson aloud, with a different voice for each speaker.
- You can't turn your own Esperanto books or articles into lessons. However, you can paste a page in the chat, and Poppy will explain it.
- Bubblegum has no practice tests for the Esperanto language exams.
- Custom lessons cost us money to make, so you need Bubblegum Pro for unlimited custom lessons. Lessons Poppy wrote for other learners are free for everyone to read.
- Regenerative Review™
Mobile
Is it better to learn Esperanto with an app or a teacher?
Use an app for the hours of reading and listening, and a teacher or a pen friend for speaking and corrections. Edukado.net has materials for learners and teachers.
Should I learn Esperanto grammar first?
Not all of it. Learn grammar from the Esperanto you read and hear, and look a pattern up when it confuses you. A rule is easier to learn once you have seen it a few times: after Mi vidas la katon (I see the cat) and Mi legas libron (I read a book), the -n on the thing being seen or read is easy to spot.
Do I need a textbook?
It helps at the start. A textbook such as Complete Esperanto explains the grammar in order and plays everyday conversations, and then you can use apps for the hours of reading.
Which Esperanto app should a beginner choose?
If you are serious about learning Esperanto, start with Bubblegum. Poppy, your AI tutor, writes lessons at your level about things you like. Our Esperanto app comparison covers courses and tutors too.
Is Bubblegum free?
Yes. Lessons Poppy wrote for other learners are free for everyone to read. Custom lessons cost us money to make, so you need Bubblegum Pro for unlimited custom lessons.
Sources
- Jeon and Day (2016), The effectiveness of ER on reading proficiency: A meta-analysis, Reading in a Foreign Language 28(2), University of Hawaii
- Complete Esperanto by Tim Owen (Hachette UK, Teach Yourself): 18 units, free audio
- Teach Yourself Library (where the audio is streamed or downloaded)
- Lernu: free Esperanto lessons, in 40 languages
- Lernu: the Esperanto course
- Duolingo: Esperanto for English speakers
- 50LANGUAGES: English to Esperanto lessons and MP3 audio
- Esperanto Association of Britain: exams at levels B1, B2, C1 and C2, specimen exams, and in-person exams at the Universala Kongreso
- Edukado.net: materials and an exams section (UEA-KER framework)
- Pasporta Servo: free host list for Esperanto speakers (since 1974)
- UEA: the 112th Universala Kongreso, 3 to 10 July 2027 in Melbourne
- Monato: monthly magazine in Esperanto
- Libera Folio: independent movement bulletin in Esperanto
- Vikipedio: Esperanto Wikipedia (390,455 articles)
- Muzaiko: Esperanto audio (Aŭskulti button)
- LingQ: Learn Esperanto online
- italki: Esperanto teachers