waa + noun

Saying What Something Is

Level 1

Use subject + waa + noun predicate, including a noun with modifiers.

How It Works

Place waa before the predicate noun phrase and omit the ordinary short subject pronoun. An unfocused definite subject still takes appropriate subject marking. The predicate can identify a profession, category or individual and can contain modifiers.

In Cali waa qoraa wanaagsan, wanaagsan modifies the predicate noun qoraa. In Mindidu waa dheer tahay, dheer itself supplies the property, so an agreeing copula appears.

Other identity frames use copulas. Predicate focus can retain a full copula; affirmative subject focus uses reduced ah with a noun predicate. Basic unfocused ma questions add an agreeing copula, while focused identity questions offer a different pattern. Negative and past identity statements require their corresponding copular forms. This simple present construction therefore does not license omission in every sentence containing a predicate noun.

Examples (4)

  1. Hodan waa kalkaaliso.

    Hodan is a nurse.

    Profession noun predicate.

  2. Cali waa qoraa wanaagsan.

    Ali is a good writer.

    Modified noun predicate.

  3. Tani waa mindi.

    This is a knife.

    Demonstrative subject.

  4. Mindidu waa dheer tahay.

    The knife is long.

    Contrasting adjective predicate requires a copula.

How It Connects

Tap a pattern to see what it builds on and what it leads to.

waa + nounLevel 1Saying What Something Is

Learn This First

Recognize a predicate before using waa to classify someone or something with a noun.

Learn Next

Patterns that build on this one.

Words in This Pattern