teda / takže / čiže

So and That Is

Level 4

Takže prídeš? (So you are coming?) draws a conclusion. Príde v utorok, čiže o dva dni. (He is coming on Tuesday, that is, in two days.) restates it.

How It Works

Takže: so. Takže has two uses.

  • It joins a result to its cause, with a comma before it: Pršalo, takže sme zostali doma. (It was raining, so we stayed at home.)
  • At the start of a sentence, mostly in conversation, it sums up or checks a conclusion: Takže prídeš v sobotu? (So you are coming on Saturday?)

Teda: then, so. Teda draws a conclusion from what was said and is often placed inside the sentence: Nemáš čas? Prídem teda zajtra. (You do not have time? Then I will come tomorrow.) It is common in set phrases such as Tak teda dobre. (All right then.) Like čiže, teda can also mean "that is" in an explanation.

Čiže: that is, in other words. Čiže does not add anything new. It says the same thing another way: Učíme sa genitív, čiže druhý pád. (We are learning the genitive, in other words the second case.)

Takže and tak, že. Written as one word, takže means "so, and as a result". Written as two words, tak, že means "in such a way that": Hovoril tak, že mu nikto nerozumel. (He spoke in such a way that nobody understood him.)

Commas. Put a comma before takže when it joins two clauses, and before čiže or teda when they add an explanation. See commas before conjunctions. For other ways to give a result, see preto and tak.

Examples (6)

  1. Pršalo, takže sme zostali doma.

    It was raining, so we stayed at home.

    Word by Word: It-rained, so we-stayed at-home.

  2. Takže prídeš v sobotu?

    So you're coming on Saturday?

    Word by Word: So you-will-come on Saturday?

  3. Nemáš čas? Prídem teda zajtra.

    You don't have time? Then I'll come tomorrow.

    Word by Word: Not-you-have time? I-will-come then tomorrow.

  4. Tak teda dobre, ideme.

    All right then, let's go.

    Word by Word: So then good, we-go.

  5. Príde v utorok, čiže o dva dni.

    He's coming on Tuesday, that is, in two days.

    Word by Word: He-will-come on Tuesday, that-is in two days.

  6. Učíme sa genitív, čiže druhý pád.

    We're learning the genitive, in other words the second case.

    Word by Word: We-learn self genitive, that-is second case.

Common Mistakes

  • Leaving out the comma before takže.

    Pršalo takže sme zostali doma.
    Pršalo, takže sme zostali doma.

    When takže joins a result clause, a comma comes before it.

  • Writing takže as two words when you mean "so".

    Hovoril potichu, tak že mu nikto nerozumel.
    Hovoril potichu, takže mu nikto nerozumel.

    For "so, as a result", write takže as one word. Tak, že means "in such a way that".

How It Connects

Tap a pattern to see what it builds on and what it leads to.

teda / takže / čižeLevel 4So and That Is

Learn This First

Before So and That Is, learn So and Therefore. teda and takže draw conclusions, like preto and tak.

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Patterns that build on this one.

Words in This Pattern

čiže