The fastest way to learn Burmese is to spend most of your study time on Burmese you can mostly understand, which is called comprehensible input. Below, each of six levels names something to read or hear, and a bar shows one way to split an hour. A Level 0 row comes first, for the Burmese letters, which Bubblegum's Burmese Letters course teaches.
Find the level that sounds like you. Its bar shows one suggested way to spend an hour of study.
- Learn the Letters First
I can't read the Burmese letters yet.
- Learn the letters 25 min
- Listen 35 min
Learn the letters in small groups, and say each sound aloud. Start with Bubblegum's Burmese Letters course, which teaches the letters and tones, then use SEAsite's script lessons for drills and quizzes. Listen to easy Burmese as you go, so the tones start to sound familiar.
- Level 1
I can sound out words but not much else.
- Read and listen 33 min
- Review 17 min
- Speak 10 min
Work through the first units of the textbook, Colloquial Burmese. It starts from zero, teaches through dialogues, explains the grammar in plain terms, and has free MP3 audio from native speakers. Bubblegum fits beside it: Poppy, your AI tutor, writes Burmese dialogues at Level 1 and explains the grammar when you meet it. Then read a Level 1 StoryWeaver book aloud, and read it again next week.
- Level 2
I can read simple sentences.
- Read and listen 38 min
- Review 12 min
- Speak 10 min
Read Bubblegum lessons at Level 2, where you understand most of each one, and listen to each twice. Colloquial Burmese is still there if you want more dialogues. Do SEAsite's beginning lessons on greetings and questions, and watch a Burmese Lesson video to hear the sounds again.
- Level 3
I can read short stories and messages.
- Read and listen 40 min
- Review 8 min
- Chat in writing 12 min
Now the goal is to learn more words. Read and listen a lot: Bubblegum lessons at Level 3 bring back the words you saved, in new lessons. Write a short message to a language partner, and read the reply one phrase at a time. Watch a Build Up Burmese video on asking questions, and use one in your next message.
- Level 4
I can read longer texts about everyday life.
- Read and listen 43 min
- Look up words 5 min
- Say it aloud 12 min
Keep learning new words with Bubblegum lessons at Level 4, which bring back the words you saved. Then read articles on BBC Burmese, which are written in the spoken style, and the topics about Myanmar and its culture in SEAsite's intermediate lessons. Pick one phrase you could use this week, and say it to a person.
- Level 5
I can follow complex topics, but miss some details.
- Read and listen 46 min
- Check details 4 min
- Retell the story 10 min
Read Bubblegum lessons at Level 5, where your saved words show up in new stories. Then choose a story on VOA Burmese or Myanmar Now about something you already follow, and look up only the words you cannot guess. Myanmar Now is written in the formal style, where သည် takes the place of တယ်. Then tell the story to a tutor in Burmese.
- Level 6
I can read almost anything.
- Read and listen 48 min
- Discuss and write 12 min
Read longer articles, and the short stories and poems on SEAsite's literature page, with no translation. Bubblegum lessons at Level 6 keep your saved words coming back. Then write a short summary and send it to a tutor for corrections.
Move up a level when your lessons start to feel easy, and move back down if you can't tell what's happening by the third line.
Poppy writes each Bubblegum lesson in everyday spoken Burmese for your level and goal, and she explains a line when you ask. Bubblegum's lesson audio is made by AI, so also listen to people speaking, like the speakers in Burmese Lesson's videos.
The U.S. Foreign Service Institute puts Burmese in Category III, the group of languages it finds hard for English speakers. Students in that category need about 44 weeks, or 1,012 class hours, to reach level 3 in speaking and listening on the government's ILR scale. That one figure covers every Category III language.
Here is how long 1,012 hours takes at different amounts of study a week:
| Study per week | 1,012 hours of study |
|---|---|
| 3½ hours | About 5½ years |
| 7 hours | About 2¾ years |
| 14 hours | About 17 months |
| 28 hours | About 8 months |
The table counts class hours only. FSI also expects about 17 hours of self-study each week. Your own reading and listening add to the total.
- No Spaces Between WordsBurmese is written without spaces between words, so a line looks like one long string at first. Read one short phrase at a time with the audio on, and the word breaks begin to show.
- TonesBurmese has low, high and creaky tones, plus syllables that stop short. Say each new word after a recording, and ask a tutor to check your tones.
- Two Sets of EndingsSpoken Burmese ends a statement about now or the past with တယ်, and the written style uses သည်. Most of what you read at first is in the spoken style, and the written style shows up in books and some news.
- Words Sound Different in PhrasesA written voiceless consonant is often said voiced after a vowel, so a word can sound different inside a phrase than on its own. Hear each new word in a sentence.
Bubblegum
For serious learners, Bubblegum is the best app to learn Burmese. You learn from Burmese you can mostly understand, which is called comprehensible input.
- Poppy writes each lesson around your level and the topics you choose.
- Lessons play AI audio while you read.
- Tap a word to see what it means, or ask Poppy to explain a whole line.
- Lessons use everyday spoken Burmese, and the written style comes in for reading from Level 4.
- The Burmese Letters course teaches the letters and tones, and a second part covers numerals and rare letters.
- Regenerative Review™ brings saved words back in new lessons, and you can export them to Anki.
- Clear, expressive AI voices read every lesson aloud, with a different voice for each speaker.
- Bubblegum teaches the Burmese of Yangon and Mandalay, so it has no lessons in the regional varieties.
- You can't turn your own Burmese books into lessons. However, you can paste a page in the chat, and Poppy will explain it.
- Custom lessons cost us money to make, so you need Bubblegum Pro for unlimited custom lessons. Lessons Poppy wrote for other learners are free for everyone to read.
- Regenerative Review™
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Which Burmese App Should a Beginner Choose?
If you are serious about learning Burmese, start with Bubblegum. Poppy, your AI tutor, writes lessons at your level about things you like. Our Burmese app comparison also covers courses and tutors.
Can I Learn Burmese in Three Months?
Three months is about 13 weeks, and three to five hours in each of them comes to 39 to 65 hours. That is a small part of the 1,012 class hours the Foreign Service Institute counts for Category III languages. A three-month goal you can check is reading the first set of letters and ordering a cup of tea.
How Much Should I Study Burmese Each Week?
Aim for three to five hours of Burmese you can follow each week. Sessions of 15 to 30 minutes work, and a longer one lets you finish a page and hear it twice. Our post on longer study sessions has the reasons.
Is Burmese Hard for English Speakers?
The Foreign Service Institute puts Burmese in Category III, which it considers hard for English speakers. The round letters are new and so are the tones, so give the first weeks to the letters. After that, practice the two sets of endings.
Is Bubblegum Free?
Yes. Lessons Poppy wrote for other learners are free for everyone to read. Custom lessons cost us money to make, so you need Bubblegum Pro for unlimited custom lessons.
Sources
- U.S. Department of State, Foreign Service Institute: Foreign Language Training (Category III, 44 weeks, 1,012 class hours)
- The Unicode Standard 16.0, section 16.3: the Myanmar script (no spaces between words)
- Wiktionary: Burmese transliteration (tones and voicing)
- Wiktionary: တယ် (a colloquial ending for statements)
- Wiktionary: သည် (the literary ending for statements)
- Bubblegum: Burmese
- SEAsite (Northern Illinois University): Burmese script lessons
- SEAsite: Beginning Burmese lessons
- SEAsite: Intermediate Burmese lessons
- SEAsite: Burmese literature (short stories and poems)
- Routledge: Colloquial Burmese, The Complete Course for Beginners (San San Hnin Tun and Patrick McCormick)
- StoryWeaver: free Burmese picture books
- Burmese Lesson: video lessons on YouTube
- Build Up Burmese: video lessons on YouTube
- HelloTalk: language partners
- BBC News Burmese
- VOA Burmese
- Myanmar Now (Burmese edition)