The best way to learn Vietnamese is a mix: mostly Vietnamese you can understand, plus review and real conversation, with the balance set by your goal. Vietnamese you can mostly understand is called comprehensible input. Below, you'll see what each way of learning builds and the mix that suits six common goals.
Which Ways of Learning Vietnamese Work Best?
Reading and listening to Vietnamese at your level works best, and each other method adds one skill on top of it.
| Method | What it builds | Use it for |
|---|---|---|
| Reading and listening at your level | Words, grammar, tones and listening | Most of your time |
| A structured course | An order for the basics | Your first months |
| A tutor or conversation partner | Speaking, tones and quick replies | Using what you know |
| Flashcards or other review | Words that stay with you | A few minutes each session |
| Shows and the news | Natural, everyday Vietnamese | Fun, once you follow most of it |
| Grammar study | Why a sentence works | Patterns that confuse you |
Input is the base of the mix: a 2016 review of 49 studies in Reading in a Foreign Language, a University of Hawaii journal, found that reading a lot of easy material improves reading in a new language.
What Is the Best Way to Learn Vietnamese for Your Goal?
For every goal, the best way is the same base of reading and listening, with the rest of your time on the skill that goal needs most.
- Talk With Family or FriendsRead and hear lots of everyday conversations, and spend the rest of your time talking with them or with a tutor.
- Travel to VietnamSpend most of your time on short dialogues about ordering food and coffee and getting around, and say each one out loud.
- Live in VietnamRead and hear Vietnamese about errands, rent and neighbors, and read the signs and menus around you.
- Read What You Grew Up HearingIf you grew up hearing Vietnamese at home, learn Quốc Ngữ and read easy lessons with audio, so the words you know match their spelling.
- Work in VietnameseRead and hear Vietnamese about your field most of the time, and practice with a tutor which word for “you” fits each colleague.
- Pass a Vietnamese ExamRead and listen at your level most of the time, and practice speaking and writing for the four-skill exam at the University of Social Sciences and Humanities in Hanoi.
To see how many hours each stage takes, read how long it takes to learn Vietnamese.
What Are the Best Resources for Each Part?
Each part of the mix has a good free option, such as Lazy Vietnamese for listening or Anki for review, and an app or service for when you want more. Bubblegum, which appears in a few rows, is a language app where Poppy, an AI tutor, writes Vietnamese lessons at your level about things you like.
| Part | Free option | App or service |
|---|---|---|
| Learning Quốc Ngữ | Bubblegum's Quốc Ngữ course | LingoDeer, which has an Alphabet section for the letters and their sounds |
| Reading and listening at your level | Bubblegum's Northern and Southern lessons on this site, or Lazy Vietnamese on YouTube | Bubblegum, Learn Vietnamese With Annie or the SVFF podcast |
| Podcasts, shows and news | Vitamese for podcasts, Language Reactor for shows, BBC News Tiếng Việt for news | Migaku or LingQ for videos and web pages you bring in |
| Review | Anki, free on computers and Android | Bubblegum's Regenerative Review™, which brings saved words back in new lessons |
| Conversation | A language exchange on HelloTalk or Tandem | A tutor on italki or Preply |
| Grammar and pronunciation | The free Basic Vietnamese textbook from Michigan State University, and Tiếng Việt Ơi videos on YouTube | LingoDeer's grammar lessons or the lesson notes on VietnamesePod101 |
What Should You Avoid?
Avoid anything that keeps you from reading real Vietnamese sentences you can follow.
- Vietnamese Without Its MarksWithout their marks, bàn (table), bán (sell) and bạn (friend) are all spelled ban, so read every word with all of its marks from the start.
- Lists With No SentencesSave words from lines you have read, so each one comes with its tone and an example of how it is used.
- Shows You Can't Follow YetSave Vietnamese shows for when you can follow an episode with Vietnamese subtitles on, and watch videos made for learners before that.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is it better to learn Vietnamese with an app or a teacher?
Use an app for the hours of reading and listening, and a teacher for speaking and corrections. A teacher can tell you when a tone is off, which is hard to hear on your own, so spend paid lessons on italki or Preply talking.
Should I learn Vietnamese grammar first?
No. Learn Quốc Ngữ first, then learn grammar from the Vietnamese you read and hear, and look a pattern up when it confuses you. A rule is easier to learn once you have seen it a few times: after Bạn có đói không? (Are you hungry?) and Bạn có mệt không? (Are you tired?), the way to ask a yes-or-no question is easy to spot.
Should I learn Northern or Southern Vietnamese?
Learn the accent of the people you want to talk with, such as Northern Vietnamese for Hanoi or Southern Vietnamese for Ho Chi Minh City. The Northern, Central and Southern accents share one spelling, so the Quốc Ngữ you learn works for all three, and Bubblegum's course and lessons come in each one.
Which Vietnamese app should a beginner choose?
If you are serious about learning Vietnamese, start with Bubblegum. Poppy writes lessons at your level about things you like. Our Vietnamese app comparison covers courses, tutors and speaking apps too.
Is Bubblegum free?
Yes. The lesson library is free for everyone, because we believe everyone should be able to learn. It holds lessons that other learners asked Poppy for. A new custom lesson costs us real money to make, so your first one is free, and Bubblegum Pro gives you unlimited custom lessons.
The Quốc Ngữ course and the Vietnamese lessons on this site are also free and need no account.
Sources
- Jeon and Day (2016), The effectiveness of ER on reading proficiency: A meta-analysis, Reading in a Foreign Language 28(2), University of Hawaii
- University of Social Sciences and Humanities, VNU Hanoi, Vietnamese Language Proficiency Assessment Exam based on the Vietnamese Language Proficiency Framework for Foreigners (listening, reading, writing and speaking)
- Omniglot: About Vietnamese (three regional accents that understand each other)
- Wikipedia, Vietnamese alphabet (one spelling, with Northern, Central and Southern pronunciations)
- Basic Vietnamese (Michigan State University), a free open textbook
- Anki, official downloads (free computer version and AnkiDroid)
- HelloTalk, learn Vietnamese (free language exchange)