The best way to learn Ukrainian is a mix: mostly Ukrainian you can understand, plus review and real conversation, with the balance set by your goal. Ukrainian you can mostly understand is called comprehensible input. Below, you'll see what each way of learning builds and the mix that suits six common goals.
Which Ways of Learning Ukrainian Work Best?
Reading and listening to Ukrainian at your level works best, and each other method adds one skill on top of it.
| Method | What it builds | Use it for |
|---|---|---|
| Reading and listening at your level | Words, grammar and listening | Most of your time |
| A structured course | An order for the basics | Your first months |
| A tutor or conversation partner | Speaking and quick replies | Using what you know |
| Flashcards or other review | Words that stay with you | A few minutes each session |
| Films, shows and news | Natural, everyday Ukrainian | Fun, once you follow most of it |
| Grammar study | Why an ending changes | Case endings that confuse you |
Input is the base of the mix: a 2016 review of 49 studies in Reading in a Foreign Language, a University of Hawaii journal, found that reading a lot of easy material improves reading in a new language.
What Is the Best Way to Learn Ukrainian for Your Goal?
For every goal, the best way is the same base of reading and listening, with the rest of your time on the skill that goal needs most.
- Talk With Family or FriendsRead and hear lots of everyday conversations, and spend the rest of your time talking with them or with a tutor.
- Volunteer With UkrainiansSpend most of your time on short dialogues about shops, doctors and getting around, and say each one out loud.
- Pass the Citizenship ExamRead and listen at your level most of the time, and try the sample tasks from Ukraine's National Commission on State Language Standards as the exam gets close.
- Follow the NewsRead and hear Ukrainian about everyday life first, and move on to Suspilne and BBC News Ukrainian once longer texts feel easy.
- Read Ukrainian BooksRead short stories at your level most of the time, and add audiobooks from Sluhay once longer stories feel easy.
- Work in UkrainianRead and hear Ukrainian about your field most of the time, and practice the polite ви (you) and formal speech with a tutor.
To see how many hours each stage takes, read how long it takes to learn Ukrainian.
What Are the Best Resources for Each Part?
Each part of the mix has a good free option, such as Duostories for reading or Anki for review, and an app or service for when you want more. Bubblegum, which appears in a few rows, is a language app where Poppy, an AI tutor, writes Ukrainian lessons at your level about things you like.
| Part | Free option | App or service |
|---|---|---|
| Learning Cyrillic | Bubblegum's Ukrainian Cyrillic course | Duolingo, whose reading tab teaches the letters and their sounds |
| Reading and listening at your level | Stories on Duostories and the Ukrainian Lessons Podcast | Bubblegum or Beelinguapp |
| Videos, news and books | BBC News Ukrainian and Global Voices in Ukrainian for news | Suspilne LingvisPlay for videos, or LingQ for books and articles you choose |
| Review | Anki, free on computers and Android | Bubblegum's Regenerative Review™, which brings saved words back in new lessons |
| Conversation | A language exchange on HelloTalk | A tutor on italki or Preply |
| Grammar and words | A free video course on Prometheus, taught in Ukrainian, and the stress of every word in the Dictionaries of Ukraine Online | Mango Languages, with grammar notes and free access at many libraries |
What Should You Avoid?
Avoid anything that keeps you from reading real Ukrainian sentences you can follow.
- Ukrainian in English LettersCyrillic shows Ukrainian sounds better than English letters can, so read every Ukrainian word in Cyrillic from the start.
- Case Tables With No SentencesLearn each ending from lines you have read, so it comes with an example of how it is used.
- Russian by MistakeUkrainian and Russian look alike, so check that a video or text uses letters like ї, є and ґ, which Russian does not have.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is it better to learn Ukrainian with an app or a teacher?
Use an app for the hours of reading and listening, and a teacher for speaking and corrections. A teacher can also hear when you stress the wrong part of a word, so spend paid lessons on italki or Preply talking.
Should I learn Ukrainian grammar first?
No. Learn Cyrillic first, then learn grammar from the Ukrainian you read and hear, and look a pattern up when it confuses you. A rule is easier to learn once you have seen it a few times: after Я хочу їсти (I want to eat) and Я хочу спати (I want to sleep), the pattern for "I want to" is easy to spot.
Which Ukrainian app should a beginner choose?
If you are serious about learning Ukrainian, start with Bubblegum. Poppy writes lessons at your level about things you like. Our Ukrainian app comparison covers courses, tutors and speaking apps too.
Is Bubblegum free?
Yes. The lesson library is free for everyone, because we believe everyone should be able to learn. It holds lessons that other learners asked Poppy for. A new custom lesson costs us real money to make, so your first one is free, and Bubblegum Pro gives you unlimited custom lessons.
The Ukrainian Cyrillic course on this site is also free and needs no account.
Sources
- Jeon and Day (2016), The effectiveness of ER on reading proficiency: A meta-analysis, Reading in a Foreign Language 28(2), University of Hawaii
- National Commission on State Language Standards, exam in the state language for citizenship of Ukraine (program and sample tasks)
- Wikipedia, Russian alphabet (33 letters, without Ґ, Є, І or Ї)
- Duostories, Ukrainian stories for English speakers (free)
- Prometheus, Ukrainian in 27 Lessons (free video course taught in Ukrainian)
- Dictionaries of Ukraine Online (Ukrainian Lingua-Information Fund), with the stress on every word
- Anki, official downloads (free computer version and AnkiDroid)
- HelloTalk, learn Ukrainian (free language exchange)