The best way to learn Thai is a mix: mostly Thai you can understand, plus review and real conversation, with the balance set by your goal. Thai you can mostly understand is called comprehensible input. Below, you'll see what each way of learning builds and the mix that suits six common goals.
Which Ways of Learning Thai Work Best?
Reading and listening to Thai at your level works best, and each other method adds one skill on top of it.
| Method | What it builds | Use it for |
|---|---|---|
| Reading and listening at your level | Words, grammar, tones and listening | Most of your time |
| A structured course | An order for the basics | Your first months |
| A tutor or conversation partner | Speaking, tones and quick replies | Using what you know |
| Flashcards or other review | Words that stay with you | A few minutes each session |
| Thai shows and dramas | Natural, everyday Thai | Fun, once you follow most of it |
| Grammar study | Why a sentence works | Patterns that confuse you |
Input is the base of the mix: a 2016 review of 49 studies in Reading in a Foreign Language, a University of Hawaii journal, found that reading a lot of easy material improves reading in a new language.
What Is the Best Way to Learn Thai for Your Goal?
For every goal, the best way is the same base of reading and listening, with the rest of your time on the skill that goal needs most.
- Travel to ThailandSpend most of your time on short dialogues about ordering food and getting around, and say each one out loud to practice the tones.
- Talk With Family or FriendsRead and hear lots of everyday conversations, and spend the rest of your time talking with them or with a tutor.
- Understand Thai DramasPut most of your time into listening, and read about the shows you like so their words feel familiar before you watch.
- Live in ThailandRead and hear Thai about errands, rent and neighbors, and read the signs and menus around you.
- Work in ThaiRead and hear Thai about your field most of the time, and practice polite, formal speech with a tutor.
- Pass the CU-TFLRead and listen at your level most of the time, and practice speaking and writing for the parts of Chulalongkorn University's Thai test you plan to take.
To see how many hours each stage takes, read how long it takes to learn Thai.
What Are the Best Resources for Each Part?
Each part of the mix has a good free option, such as Comprehensible Thai for listening or Anki for review, and an app or service for when you want more. Bubblegum, which appears in a few rows, is a language app where Poppy, an AI tutor, writes Thai lessons at your level about things you like.
| Part | Free option | App or service |
|---|---|---|
| Learning the Thai alphabet | Bubblegum's Thai Alphabet course | LingoDeer, whose course starts with an Alphabet section |
| Reading and listening at your level | Comprehensible Thai on YouTube, or picture books on Let's Read | Bubblegum, AanThai or Poly Thai Reader |
| Shows and news | Language Reactor for shows, Thai PBS for news it reads aloud | LingQ for videos and articles you bring in |
| Review | Anki, free on computers and Android | Bubblegum's Regenerative Review™, which brings saved words back in new lessons |
| Conversation | A language exchange on HelloTalk or Tandem | A tutor on italki or Preply |
| Grammar and words | Videos from Learn Thai with Mod, and the thai-language.com dictionary with audio | LingoDeer's grammar and pronunciation guides, or ThaiPod101's lesson notes |
What Should You Avoid?
Avoid anything that keeps you from reading real Thai sentences you can follow.
- Thai in English LettersThailand's official spelling in English letters writes มา (come) and ม้า (horse) the same way, so read every Thai word in Thai letters from the start.
- Lists With No SentencesSave words from lines you have read, so each one comes with its sound and an example of how it is used.
- Dramas You Can't Follow YetSave Thai dramas for when you can follow an episode with Thai subtitles on, and watch videos made for learners before that.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is it better to learn Thai with an app or a teacher?
Use an app for the hours of reading and listening, and a teacher for speaking and corrections. A teacher can tell you when a tone is off, which is hard to hear on your own, so spend paid lessons on italki or Preply talking.
Should I learn Thai grammar first?
No. Learn the Thai alphabet first, then learn grammar from the Thai you read and hear, and look a pattern up when it confuses you. A rule is easier to learn once you have seen it a few times: after อยากกิน (want to eat) and อยากไป (want to go), the word for "want to" is easy to spot.
Should I learn Central Thai or a regional dialect?
Start with Central Thai, the standard Thai of schools, government, TV and the news across Thailand. People in the northeast also speak Isan, which is close to Lao, and the north and south have their own varieties, so add one later if your family or friends speak it.
Which Thai app should a beginner choose?
If you are serious about learning Thai, start with Bubblegum. Poppy writes lessons at your level about things you like. Our Thai app comparison covers courses, tutors and speaking apps too.
Is Bubblegum free?
Yes. The lesson library is free for everyone, because we believe everyone should be able to learn. It holds lessons that other learners asked Poppy for. A new custom lesson costs us real money to make, so your first one is free, and Bubblegum Pro gives you unlimited custom lessons.
The Thai Alphabet course on this site is also free and needs no account.
Sources
- Jeon and Day (2016), The effectiveness of ER on reading proficiency: A meta-analysis, Reading in a Foreign Language 28(2), University of Hawaii
- Chulalongkorn University, Sirindhorn Thai Language Institute, CU-TFL (the official Thai test for foreigners)
- Chulalongkorn University, the Sirindhorn Thai Language Institute organizes the CU-TFL (listening, speaking, reading and writing, taken together or one at a time)
- Wikipedia, Royal Thai General System of Transcription (does not record tones or vowel length)
- Wikipedia, Thai language (Central Thai is the language of schools, government and the media; Isan and Northern Thai)
- Comprehensible Thai, about the channel and its free listening course
- Anki, official downloads (free computer version and AnkiDroid)
- HelloTalk, learn Thai (free language exchange)